What is the future of food? Everyone agrees that feeding the world in the decades ahead will require substantial increases in crop yields. But how we get there has become a remarkably contentious question because of biotechnology. What should be biotechnology's role in assuring affordable and sustainably grown food for all? How we answer this question now will have profound ramifications for decades to come. The consequences will be global, affecting agriculture, the environment, economic development, and the well-being of the poor. The chapters in this book confront the controversy over biotechnology with new analyses and insights from economists and technologists. The topics covered include the differences in perceptions about biotechnology among rich and poor countries; the effects of rich-country restrictions on international trade in genetically modified crops on the welfare of poorer countries; the promise of alternative technologies; the effects of intellectual property rights on the bioscience done by public agencies the world over; and the economic impacts of biotechnology past, present, and future.The chapters address questions such as, How much should be invested in the new biosciences? Who should perform the research and pay for it? Who are the likely users -- as well as the likely winners and losers? Policymakers and partisans on both sides of the debate will find in this book useful economic ways of thinking about the tradeoffs of biotechnology.Contributors: Jock R. Anderson, Kym Anderson, Walter Armbruster, Nicole Ballenger, Marc J. Cohen, Dan Dierker, Kate Dreher, Ron Duncan, Ruben Echeverrma, Brian Fisher, Richard Gray, Richard Jefferson, Mireille Khairallah, Robert Lindner, Michele Marra, Michael Morris, Chantal Pohl Nielsen, Carol Nottenburg, Philip G. Pardey, Peter W.B. Philips, Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Carl Pray, Jean-Marcel Ribaut, Bob Richardson, Sherman Robinson, John Skerritt,