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1 | (22) |
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3 | (3) |
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Lattice Translation Vectors |
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4 | (1) |
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Basis and the Crystal Structure |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Fundamental Types of Lattices |
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6 | (5) |
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Two-Dimensional Lattice Types |
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8 | (1) |
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Three-Dimensional Lattice Types |
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9 | (2) |
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Index Systems for Crystal Planes |
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11 | (2) |
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Simple Crystal Structures |
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13 | (5) |
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Sodium Chloride Structure |
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13 | (1) |
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Cesium Chloride Structure |
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14 | (1) |
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Hexagonal Close-Packed Structure (hep) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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Cubic Zinc Sulfide Structure |
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17 | (1) |
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Direct Imaging of Atomic Structure |
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18 | (1) |
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Nonideal Crystal Structures |
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18 | (1) |
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Random Stacking and Polytypism |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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Wave Diffraction and the Reciprocal Lattice |
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23 | (24) |
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Diffraction of Waves by Crystals |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (7) |
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27 | (2) |
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Reciprocal Lattice Vectors |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (6) |
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Reciprocal Lattice to sc Lattice |
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34 | (2) |
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Reciprocal Lattice to bcc Lattice |
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36 | (1) |
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Reciprocal Lattice to fcc Lattice |
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37 | (2) |
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Fourier Analysis of the Basis |
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39 | (4) |
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Structure Factor of the bcc Lattice |
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40 | (1) |
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Structure factor of the fcc Lattice |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (4) |
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Crystal Binding and Elastic Constants |
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47 | (42) |
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49 | (11) |
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Van der Waals---London Interaction |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (2) |
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Equilibrium Lattice Constants |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (7) |
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Electrostatic or Madelung Energy |
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60 | (4) |
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Evaluation of the Madelung Constant |
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64 | (3) |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (3) |
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72 | (1) |
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Analysis of Elastic Strains |
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73 | (4) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (2) |
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Elastic Compliance and Stiffness Constants |
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77 | (3) |
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77 | (1) |
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Elastic Stiffness Constants of Cubic Crystals |
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78 | (2) |
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Bulk Modulus and Compressibility |
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80 | (1) |
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Elastic Waves in Cubic Crstals |
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80 | (5) |
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Waves in the [100] Direction |
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81 | (1) |
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Waves in the [110] Direction |
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82 | (3) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (4) |
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Phonons I. Crystal Vibrations |
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89 | (16) |
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Vibrations of Crystals with Monatomic Basis |
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91 | (4) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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Derivation of Force Constants from Experiment |
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94 | (1) |
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Two Atoms per Primitive Basis |
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95 | (4) |
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Quantization of Elastic Waves |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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Inelastic Scattering by Phonons |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (3) |
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Phonons 11. Thermal Properties |
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105 | (26) |
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107 | (12) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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Density of States in One Dimension |
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108 | (3) |
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Density of States in Three Dimensions |
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111 | (1) |
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Debye Model for Density of States |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (1) |
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Einstein Model of the Density of States |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (2) |
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Anharmonic Crystal Interactions |
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119 | (2) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (7) |
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Thermal Resistivity of Phonon Gas |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (2) |
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128 | (3) |
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131 | (30) |
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Energy Levels in One Dimension |
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134 | (2) |
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Effect of Temperature on the Fermi-Dirac Distribution |
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136 | (1) |
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Free Electron Gas in Three Dimensions |
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137 | (4) |
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Heat Capacity of the Electron Gas |
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141 | (6) |
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Experimental Heat Capacity of Metals |
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145 | (2) |
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147 | (1) |
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Electrical Conductivity and Ohm's Law |
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147 | (5) |
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Experimental Electrical Resistivity of Metals |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (1) |
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Motion in Magnetic Fields |
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152 | (4) |
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153 | (3) |
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Thermal Conductivity of Metals |
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156 | (1) |
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Ratio of Thermal to Electrical Conductivity |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (4) |
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161 | (24) |
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Nearly Free Electron Model |
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164 | (3) |
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165 | (2) |
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Magnitude of the Energy Gap |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Wave Equation of Electron in a Periodic Potential |
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169 | (11) |
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Restatement of the Bloch Theorem |
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173 | (1) |
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Crystal Momentum of an Electron |
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173 | (1) |
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Solution of the Central Equation |
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174 | (1) |
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Kronig-Penney Model in Reciprocal Space |
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174 | (2) |
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Empty Lattice Approximation |
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176 | (1) |
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Approximate Solution Near a Zone Boundary |
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177 | (3) |
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Number of Orbitals in a Band |
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180 | (2) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (36) |
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187 | (4) |
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191 | (14) |
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Physical Derivation of hk = F |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (3) |
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197 | (1) |
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Physical Interpretation of the Effective Mass |
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198 | (2) |
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Effective Masses in Semiconductors |
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200 | (2) |
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202 | (3) |
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Intrinsic Carrier Concentration |
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205 | (4) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (5) |
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209 | (2) |
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211 | (2) |
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Thermal Ionization of Donors and Acceptors |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (3) |
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Fermi Surfaces and Metals |
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221 | (36) |
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223 | (2) |
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225 | (1) |
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Construction of Fermi Surfaces |
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226 | (4) |
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228 | (2) |
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Electron Orbits, Hole Orbits, and Open Orbits |
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230 | (2) |
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Calculation of Energy Bands |
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232 | (10) |
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Tight Binding Method of Energy Bands |
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232 | (4) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (2) |
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239 | (3) |
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Experimental Methods in Fermi Surface Studies |
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242 | (10) |
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Quantization of Orbits in a Magnetic Field |
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242 | (2) |
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De Haas-van Alphen Effect |
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244 | (4) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (2) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (5) |
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257 | (40) |
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259 | (11) |
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Occurrence of Superconductivity |
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260 | (2) |
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Destruction of Superconductivity of Magnetic Fields |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (2) |
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266 | (2) |
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Microwave and Infrared Properties |
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268 | (1) |
|
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269 | (1) |
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|
270 | (23) |
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Thermodynamics of the Superconducting Transition |
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270 | (3) |
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|
273 | (3) |
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276 | (1) |
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BCS Theory of Superconductivity |
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|
277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
|
Flux Quantization in a Superconducting Ring |
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279 | (3) |
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Duration of Persistent Currents |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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Estimation of Hc1 and Hc2 |
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284 | (3) |
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Single Particle Tunneling |
|
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287 | (2) |
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Josephson Superconductor Tunneling |
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289 | (1) |
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|
289 | (1) |
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|
290 | (2) |
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Macroscopic Quantum Interference |
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292 | (1) |
|
High-Temperature Superconductors |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
|
294 | (1) |
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|
294 | (2) |
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296 | (1) |
|
Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism |
|
|
297 | (24) |
|
Langevin Diamagnetism Equation |
|
|
299 | (2) |
|
Quantum Theory of Diamagnetism of Mononuclear Systems |
|
|
301 | (1) |
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|
302 | (1) |
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Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism |
|
|
302 | (10) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Quenching of the Orbital Angular Momentum |
|
|
308 | (3) |
|
Spectroscopic Splitting Factor |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Van Vleck Temperature-Independent Paramagnetism |
|
|
311 | (1) |
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Cooling by Isentropic Demagnetization |
|
|
312 | (3) |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Conduction Electrons |
|
|
315 | (2) |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
|
318 | (3) |
|
Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism |
|
|
321 | (40) |
|
|
323 | (7) |
|
Curie Point and the Exchange Integral |
|
|
323 | (3) |
|
Temperature Dependence of the Saturation Magnetization |
|
|
326 | (2) |
|
Saturation Magnetization at Absolute Zero |
|
|
328 | (2) |
|
|
330 | (5) |
|
Quantization of Spin Waves |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
Thermal Excitation of Magnons |
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
Neutron Magnetic Scattering |
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
|
336 | (4) |
|
Curie Temperature and Susceptibility of Ferrimagnets |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
|
340 | (6) |
|
Susceptibility Below the Neel Temperature |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
Antiferromagnetic Magnons |
|
|
344 | (2) |
|
|
346 | (8) |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
Transition Region between Domains |
|
|
349 | (2) |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Coercivity and Hysteresis |
|
|
352 | (2) |
|
|
354 | (2) |
|
Geomagnetism and Biomagnetism |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Force Microscopy |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
|
356 | (1) |
|
|
357 | (4) |
|
|
361 | (32) |
|
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
|
|
363 | (7) |
|
|
366 | (4) |
|
|
370 | (3) |
|
|
371 | (2) |
|
|
373 | (6) |
|
Examples: Paramagnetic Point Defects |
|
|
375 | (1) |
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F Centers in Alkali Halides |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
377 | (2) |
|
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
|
379 | (4) |
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
Antiferromagnetic Resonance |
|
|
383 | (3) |
|
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Principle of Maser Action |
|
|
386 | (4) |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
|
391 | (2) |
|
Plasmons, Polaritons, and Polarons |
|
|
393 | (34) |
|
Dielectric Function of the Electron Gas |
|
|
395 | (6) |
|
Definitions of the Dielectric Function |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
Dispersion Relation for Electromagnetic Waves |
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
Transverse Optical Modes in a Plasma |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
Transparency of Metals in the Ultraviolet |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
Longitudinal Plasma Oscillations |
|
|
398 | (3) |
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
|
403 | (7) |
|
Screened Coulomb Potential |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
Pseudopotential Component U(0) |
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
Mott Metal-Insulator Transition |
|
|
407 | (2) |
|
Screening and Phonons in Metals |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
|
410 | (7) |
|
|
414 | (3) |
|
Electron-Electron Interaction |
|
|
417 | (3) |
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
Electron-Electron Collisions |
|
|
417 | (3) |
|
Electron-Phonon Interaction: Polarons |
|
|
420 | (2) |
|
Peierls Instability of Linear Metals |
|
|
422 | (2) |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
|
424 | (3) |
|
Optical Processes and Excitons |
|
|
427 | (26) |
|
|
429 | (6) |
|
|
430 | (2) |
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
Example: Conductivity of collisionless Electron Gas |
|
|
433 | (1) |
|
Electronic Interband Transitions |
|
|
434 | (1) |
|
|
435 | (9) |
|
|
437 | (3) |
|
|
440 | (1) |
|
|
440 | (1) |
|
Weakly Bound (Mott-Wannier) Excitons |
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
Exciton Condensation into Electron-Hole Drops (EHD) |
|
|
441 | (3) |
|
Raman Effects in Crystals |
|
|
444 | (4) |
|
Electron Spectroscopy with X-Rays |
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
Energy Loss of Fast Particles in a Solid |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
|
450 | (3) |
|
Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics |
|
|
453 | (34) |
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
Macroscopic Electric Field |
|
|
456 | (4) |
|
|
458 | (2) |
|
Local Electric Field at an Atom |
|
|
460 | (3) |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Field of Dipoles Inside Cavity, E3 |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Dielectric Constant and Polarizability |
|
|
463 | (4) |
|
Electronic Polarizability |
|
|
464 | (2) |
|
Classical Theory of Electronic Polarizability |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Structural Phase Transitions |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
|
467 | (4) |
|
Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
471 | (11) |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Landau Theory of the Phase Transition |
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
|
475 | (2) |
|
|
477 | (2) |
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
|
479 | (2) |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
|
482 | (1) |
|
|
483 | (4) |
|
Surface and Interface Physics |
|
|
487 | (28) |
|
Reconstruction and Relaxation |
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
|
490 | (4) |
|
Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
Surface Electronic Structure |
|
|
494 | (4) |
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
495 | (2) |
|
Tangential Surface Transport |
|
|
497 | (1) |
|
Magnetoresistance in a Two-Dimensional Channel |
|
|
498 | (5) |
|
Integral Quantized Hall Effect (IQHE) |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
|
500 | (3) |
|
Fractional Quantized Hall Effect (FQHE) |
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
|
503 | (4) |
|
|
504 | (2) |
|
Solar Cells and Photovoltaic Detectors |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
|
507 | (3) |
|
|
508 | (2) |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
511 | (2) |
|
|
513 | (2) |
|
|
515 | (50) |
|
Imaging Techniques for Nanostructures |
|
|
519 | (9) |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
|
521 | (2) |
|
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy |
|
|
523 | (3) |
|
|
526 | (2) |
|
Electronic Structure of ID Systems |
|
|
528 | (5) |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Spectroscopy of Van Hove Singularities |
|
|
529 | (2) |
|
ID Metals -- Coluomb Interactions and Lattice Copulings |
|
|
531 | (2) |
|
Electrical Transport in 1D |
|
|
533 | (12) |
|
Conductance Quantization and the Landauer Formula |
|
|
533 | (3) |
|
Two Barriers in Series-resonant Tunneling |
|
|
536 | (2) |
|
Incoherent Addition and Ohm's Law |
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Voltage Probes and the Buttiker-Landauer Formalism |
|
|
540 | (5) |
|
Electronic Structure of 0D Systems |
|
|
545 | (6) |
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
Semiconductor Nanocrystals |
|
|
545 | (2) |
|
|
547 | (2) |
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
Electrical Transport in 0D |
|
|
551 | (6) |
|
|
551 | (3) |
|
Spin, Mott Insulators, and the Kondo Effect |
|
|
554 | (2) |
|
Cooper Pairing in Superconducting Dots |
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
Vibrational and Thermal Properties of Nanostructures |
|
|
557 | (5) |
|
Quantized Vibrational Modes |
|
|
557 | (2) |
|
|
559 | (2) |
|
Heat Capacity and Thermal Transport |
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
|
562 | (1) |
|
|
562 | (3) |
|
|
565 | (18) |
|
|
567 | (6) |
|
Monatomic Amorphous Materials |
|
|
568 | (1) |
|
Radial Distribution Function |
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
Structure of Vitreous Silica, SiO2 |
|
|
570 | (3) |
|
|
573 | (2) |
|
Viscosity and the Hopping Rate |
|
|
574 | (1) |
|
|
575 | (2) |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
Low Energy Excitations in Amorphous Solids |
|
|
578 | (3) |
|
Heat Capacity Calculation |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
|
579 | (2) |
|
|
581 | (1) |
|
|
582 | (1) |
|
|
582 | (1) |
|
|
583 | (14) |
|
|
585 | (3) |
|
|
588 | (4) |
|
|
591 | (1) |
|
|
592 | (5) |
|
|
592 | (1) |
|
Other Centers in Alkali Halides |
|
|
593 | (2) |
|
|
595 | (2) |
|
|
597 | (22) |
|
Shear Strength of Single Crystals |
|
|
599 | (2) |
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
|
601 | (12) |
|
|
604 | (1) |
|
Stress Fields of Dislocations |
|
|
605 | (2) |
|
Low-angle Grain Boundaries |
|
|
607 | (3) |
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
Dislocation Multiplication and Slip |
|
|
611 | (2) |
|
|
613 | (2) |
|
Dislocations and Crystal Growth |
|
|
615 | (2) |
|
|
616 | (1) |
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
|
618 | (1) |
|
|
619 | (22) |
|
|
621 | (3) |
|
Substitutional Solid Solutions---Hume-Rothery Rules |
|
|
624 | (3) |
|
Order-Disorder Transformation |
|
|
627 | (5) |
|
Elementary Theory of Order |
|
|
629 | (3) |
|
|
632 | (2) |
|
|
632 | (2) |
|
|
634 | (3) |
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
|
637 | (3) |
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
Appendix A: Temperature Dependence of the Reflection Lines |
|
|
641 | (3) |
|
Appendix B: Ewald Calculation of Lattice Sums |
|
|
644 | (4) |
|
Ewald-Kornfeld Method for Lattice Sums for Dipole Arrays |
|
|
647 | (1) |
|
Appendix C: Quantization of Elastic Waves: Phonons |
|
|
648 | (4) |
|
|
649 | (2) |
|
Creation and Annihilation Operators |
|
|
651 | (1) |
|
Appendix D: Fermi-Dirac Distribution Function |
|
|
652 | (3) |
|
Appendix E: Derivation of the dk/dt Equation |
|
|
655 | (1) |
|
Appendix F: Boltzmann Transport Equation |
|
|
656 | (5) |
|
|
657 | (1) |
|
|
658 | (1) |
|
|
659 | (2) |
|
|
661 | (1) |
|
Appendix G: Vector Potential, Field Momentum, and Gauge Transformations |
|
|
661 | (4) |
|
Lagrangian Equations of Motion |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
Derivation of the Hamiltonian |
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
|
663 | (2) |
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
Gauge in the London Equation |
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
|
665 | (2) |
|
Appendix I: Ginzburg-Landau Equation |
|
|
667 | (4) |
|
Appendix J: Electron-Phonon Collisions |
|
|
671 | (4) |
Index |
|
675 | |