Preface |
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xiii | |
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1 | (24) |
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Three Reasons to Study Statistics |
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1 | (4) |
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The Nature and Role of Variability |
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5 | (3) |
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Statistics and Data Analysis |
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8 | (2) |
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Types of Data and Some Simple Graphical Displays |
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10 | (15) |
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Head Sizes: Understanding Variability |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (4) |
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The Data Analysis Process and Collecting Data Sensibly |
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25 | (48) |
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The Data Analysis Process |
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25 | (3) |
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28 | (11) |
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Statistical Studies: Observation and Experimentation |
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39 | (4) |
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Simple Comparative Experiments |
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43 | (10) |
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More on Experimental Design |
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53 | (5) |
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More on Observational Studies: Designing Surveys (Optional) |
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58 | (8) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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66 | (7) |
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Designing a Sampling Plan |
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68 | (1) |
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An Experiment to Test for the Stroop Effect |
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68 | (5) |
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Graphical Methods for Describing Data |
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73 | (66) |
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Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative Bar Charts and Pie Charts |
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73 | (13) |
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Displaying Numerical Data: Stem-and-Leaf Displays |
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86 | (7) |
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Displaying Numerical Data: Frequency Distributions and Histograms |
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93 | (21) |
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Displaying Bivariate Numerical Data |
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114 | (11) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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125 | (14) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (5) |
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Numerical Methods for Describing Data |
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139 | (46) |
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Describing the Center of a Data Set |
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140 | (10) |
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Describing Variability in a Data Set |
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150 | (10) |
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Summarizing a Data Set: Boxplots |
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160 | (6) |
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Interpreting Center and Variability: Chebyshev's Rule, the Empirical Rule, and z Scores |
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166 | (9) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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175 | (10) |
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Collecting and Summarizing Numerical Data |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (5) |
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Summarizing Bivariate Data |
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185 | (64) |
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185 | (12) |
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Linear Regression: Fitting a Line to Bivariate Data |
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197 | (11) |
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Assessing the Fit of a Line |
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208 | (15) |
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Nonlinear Relationships and Transformations |
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223 | (16) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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239 | (10) |
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Exploring Correlation and Regression Technology Activity (Applets) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (6) |
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249 | (32) |
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Interpreting Probabilities and Basic Probability Rules |
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249 | (11) |
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Probability as a Basis for Making Decisions |
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260 | (4) |
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Estimating Probabilities Empirically and by Using Simulation |
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264 | (17) |
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276 | (1) |
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A Crisis for European Sports Fans? |
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276 | (1) |
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The ``Hot Hand'' in Basketball |
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276 | (5) |
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281 | (50) |
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Describing the Distribution of Values in a Population |
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281 | (9) |
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Population Models for Continuous Numerical Variables |
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290 | (9) |
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299 | (18) |
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Checking Normality and Normalizing Transformations |
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317 | (14) |
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328 | (3) |
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Sampling Variability and Sampling Distributions |
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331 | (30) |
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Statistics and Sampling Variability |
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332 | (9) |
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The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Mean |
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341 | (10) |
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The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Proportion |
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351 | (10) |
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Do Students Who Take the SATs Multiple Times Have an Advantage in College Admissions? |
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357 | (4) |
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Estimation Using a Single Sample |
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361 | (44) |
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361 | (7) |
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Large-Sample Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion |
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368 | (13) |
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Confidence Interval for a Population Mean |
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381 | (13) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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394 | (11) |
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Getting a Feel for Confidence Level |
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399 | (1) |
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An Alternative Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion |
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400 | (5) |
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Hypothesis Testing Using a Single Sample |
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405 | (52) |
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Hypotheses and Test Procedures |
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406 | (4) |
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Errors in Hypothesis Testing |
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410 | (6) |
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Large-Sample Hypothesis Tests for a Population Proportion |
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416 | (13) |
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Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean |
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429 | (11) |
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Power and the Probability of Type II Error |
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440 | (10) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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450 | (7) |
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Comparing the t and z Distributions |
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452 | (5) |
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Comparing Two Populations or Treatments |
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457 | (58) |
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Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Independent Samples |
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457 | (20) |
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Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Paired Samples |
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477 | (11) |
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Large-Sample Inferences Concerning a Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Proportions |
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488 | (9) |
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Distribution-Free Procedures for Inferences About a Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Independent Samples (Optional) |
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497 | (8) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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505 | (10) |
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507 | (1) |
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Thinking About Data Collection |
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508 | (7) |
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The Analysis of Categorical Data and Goodness-of-Fit Tests |
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515 | (34) |
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Chi-Square Tests for Univariate Categorical Data |
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515 | (9) |
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Tests for Homogeneity and Independence in a Two-Way Table |
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524 | (17) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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541 | (8) |
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Pick a Number, Any Number . . . |
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544 | (1) |
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Color and Perceived Taste |
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544 | (5) |
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Simple Linear Regression and Correlation: Inferential Methods |
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549 | (56) |
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The Simple Linear Regression Model |
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549 | (13) |
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Inferences About the Slope of the Population Regression Line |
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562 | (10) |
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572 | (11) |
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Inferences Based on the Estimated Regression Line |
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583 | (8) |
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Inferences About the Population Correlation Coefficient (Optional) |
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591 | (4) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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595 | (10) |
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Are Tall Women from ``Big'' Families? |
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596 | (9) |
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Multiple Regression Analysis |
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605 | (60) |
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Multiple Regression Models |
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606 | (12) |
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Fitting a Model and Assessing Its Utility |
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618 | (15) |
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Inferences Based on an Estimated Model |
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633 | (12) |
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Other Issues in Multiple Regression |
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645 | (12) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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657 | (8) |
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Exploring the Relationship Between Number of Predictors and Sample Size |
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658 | (7) |
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665 | (54) |
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Single-Factor ANOVA and the F Test |
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665 | (14) |
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679 | (7) |
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The F Test for a Randomized Block Experiment |
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686 | (9) |
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695 | (12) |
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Communicating and Interpreting the Results of Statistical Analyses |
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707 | (12) |
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Exploring Single-Factor ANOVA |
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709 | (3) |
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Appendix: ANOVA Computations |
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712 | (7) |
Appendix 1: The Binomial Distribution |
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719 | (9) |
Appendix 2: Statistical Tables |
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728 | (21) |
Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Exercises |
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749 | (10) |
Index |
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759 | |